The official numbers are mostly commercial secrets buried in Concorde. Some numbers and the broas structure are known, however: the total “pot” is 50% of the total TV and media revenue. Ferrari gets the first $80 m of this as recognition of its prestige… …or something. Then the sophomore teams (Caterham, Virgin and Hispania) get €10 m each (yes, the currency does change because the Ferrari deal is a hangover from before the FIA converted to Euros). Unless, that is, Caterham finishes 10th this year or 2012, or either of the other two manages it this year and 2012, in which case that team will instead be treated like an established team- which means a lot more income. The next Concorde Agreement may revert to the old arrangement whereby teams outside the top 10 get nothing, but at the moment every team is guaranteed free no-frills transport for a limited amount of stuff via Bernie Air, plus an amount to be determined by revenues.
There’s a sliding scale employed otherwise, paying out the top 10 teams proportionally based on championship position. If the structure is like the 1998-2009 Concorde Agreement, starting and racing positions at key points in the race also affect financial distributions at the end of each year.
Drivers negotiate how much “bonus” money they get for achieving certain things (usually championships, wins and points) with their teams. If they forget to agree anything before signing, the team is not obliged to share anything and the FIA certainly doesn’t give the drivers a direct share.