Yes, it differs a lot from a standard road.
First of all, they dig down about three metres, and cover the whole thing with a polymer, which is designed to stop moisture from seeping into the lower levels of the road base. Then they begin rebuilding the whole thing, compacting it as they go. The entire process is governed by FIA standards, and none moreso than the actual sealing process. They will apply three layers of tarmac, each one formulated to a very exact mix, as governed by the FIA. Most of the sealant is acquired from a specialist producer in Germany, and the whole thing could probably withstand a 747 landing on it.